Following extensive volcanic eruption, which process initiates pedogenesis?

💡 Explanation

Biological weathering by pioneer species directly initiates pedogenesis on sterile volcanic rock because lichens and mosses secrete acids that begin breaking the rock down; therefore, this process creates initial soil horizons rather than alternatives requiring existing sediment or water.

• Which mechanism causes anomalously high tsunami run-up following a megathrust earthquake?
• Which mechanism causes thermal expansion of seawater by the GreenHouse effect increase the intensity of strom surges?
• Which geologic outcome occurs when a river's slope abruptly decreases at the base of a mountain range?
• Which process accelerates terrain deformation downstream during solifluction on a moderate slope?
• Which geological feature is most directly shaped by strike-slip movement along a transform fault boundary?
• Which mechanism causes the formation of a graben lake when extensional forces act upon the crust?