For a molecule absorbing a photon of specific energy, which mechanism causes electrons to transition between orbitals?

💡 Explanation

When a molecule absorbs a photon matching the energy difference between two orbitals, resonant frequency induces electron excitation because the photon's electromagnetic field coherently drives the electron to a higher energy state. Therefore resonant excitation results, rather than confinement, intersystem crossing or nuclear motion which depend respectively on spatial constrain, spin changes or nuclear dynamics.

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