If a dorsal horn neuron is continuously bombarded by substance P from C-fiber nociceptors, which consequence affecting descending modulation is most probable?

💡 Explanation

Sustained substance P signaling from nociceptors desensitizes the dorsal horn neurons to descending inhibitory signals by reducing the activity of inhibitory interneurons. Because these interneurons normally suppress pain signals, decreased activity amplifies the pain response; therefore, decreased inhibitory interneuron activity is correct, rather than enhanced A-beta fiber transmission which reduces pain.

• If chronic hypertension leads to arterial stiffness, which physiological adjustment is MOST likely to maintain blood pressure homeostasis in the *short term*?
• Why does septic shock, initiated by a localized bacterial infection, sometimes trigger multi-organ failure distantly, despite antibiotic treatment eliminating the original infection source?
• Why does diffuse axonal injury from concussive events cause widespread neurological deficits in the brain, even if a CT scan shows no macroscopic lesions?
• Why does chronic iron deficiency lead to impaired temperature regulation, causing increased susceptibility to hypothermia?
• An endurance athlete hydrates excessively with only water, diluting their extracellular fluid. Which effect is most likely to occur due to increased osmosis across cell membranes?
• If a patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis begins taking high-dose biotin supplements, which consequence follows regarding their thyroid hormone level measurements?