If a patient exhibits persistent inflammation despite immunosuppressant treatment, which mechanism likely indicates a failure in peripheral immune tolerance involving regulatory T cells?

💡 Explanation

Defective Treg suppression allows autoreactive T cells to proliferate and cause inflammation because functional regulatory T cells are essential for maintaining peripheral tolerance and suppressing self-reactive lymphocytes. Therefore, Treg dysfunction explains persistent inflammation, rather than Th17 differentiation, MHC II expression, or complement activation directly.

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