If an adjuvant is omitted from a vaccine administered to a patient, which consequence follows regarding B-cell response?

💡 Explanation

Affinity maturation decreases in the absence of an adjuvant because the adjuvant enhances antigen presentation and co-stimulation of B cells, leading to improved antibody binding. Therefore, without the adjuvant, B cells don't undergo optimal selection for high-affinity antibodies, rather than triggering other immune cell lineages or enhancing T-independent activation.

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