In late-stage emphysema, even with supplemental oxygen, why does elastic recoil diminish in the lungs, causing increased residual volume, when elastin is present?

💡 Explanation

The elastic recoil decreases in emphysema because neutrophil-released elastases degrade elastin cross-linking, thereby reducing elasticity, even if elastin is present. Therefore, option D is correct, rather than A, B, or C affecting airway blockage, tissue stiffening, or muscle fatigue.

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