Over-irrigation in arid land increases risk of which pedogenesis outcome?

💡 Explanation

Soil salinization occurs because capillary action brings dissolved salts to the surface where evaporation concentrates them; this process is due to increased soil moisture enhancing upward salt transport, rather than promoting beneficial pedogenesis.

• Which process restricts nutrient upwelling within subtropical ocean gyres under stable stratification?
• Which mechanism causes surface air convergence within a Hadley cell at the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)?
• Which geological consequence accelerates when permafrost thawing increases Arctic coastline sea cliff erosion?
• Which ocean process results from Antarctica's sea ice formation?
• Which process determines shape when freeze-thaw weakens bedrock walls above a glacial cirque?
• Which effect does increased atmospheric carbon dioxide exert via radiative forcing on permafrost regions?