Which challenge arises when light encounters impurities within optical fiber?

💡 Explanation

Modal dispersion increases because impurities cause light rays to refract and take different paths through the fiber via Rayleigh scattering. Therefore, signals spread, rather than being contained, because impurities disrupt the uniformity which is assumed in pure optical transmission.

• In a heat pump system experiencing icing on the evaporator coil, which mechanism reduces overall heating performance?
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