Which consequence occurs when barbules on flight feathers of raptors become separated during soaring?

💡 Explanation

When barbules separate, air permeability increases because the normally tightly interlocked feather microstructure destabilizes, increasing induced drag which consequently requires the raptor to generate more downwash to achieve the same lift. Therefore lift decreases from induced drag, rather than increased glide ratio, convection, or added weight which involve other aerodynamic principles.

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