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Which consequence results when electron wave functions overlap excessively in microchip transistors?

A)Increased transistor leakage current
B)Accelerated electromigration damage
C)Reduced gate oxide breakdown voltage
D)Elevated thermal runaway susceptibility

💡 Explanation

Transistor leakage increases because *quantum tunneling* through the gate oxide escalates with wavefunction overlap; therefore, current surpasses the intended 'off' state value, rather than causing electromigration (metallization failure) or oxide breakdown at expected bias levels.

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