Which consequence results when heavy tephra accumulation destabilizes slopes?

💡 Explanation

Lahars can initiate because saturation of thick unconsolidated tephra layers and increased weight enhances slope instability resulting in debris flows – a Volcanic Mudflow process – therefore the surface materials mobilize rapidly rather than other slow deformations.

• In a seafloor hydrothermal vent system, which outcome accelerates due to enhanced advective circulation?
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• Which outcome follows high-angle subduction overriding denser lithosphere?
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