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Which consequence results when supercritical carbon dioxide flow entering a turbine exhibits turbulence?

A)Increased shaft power extraction
B)Elevated acoustic resonance phenomena
C)Reduced blade surface thermal loading
D)Diminished overall stage performance

💡 Explanation

Turbulence increases frictional losses and random momentum transfer and therefore diminishes overall stage performance of the turbine, because kinetic energy is dissipated as heat. Rather than increased power, energy conversion is actually reduced, and thermal loading will increase due to dissipation.

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