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← ScienceWhich effect contributes to brittleness in calcium fluoride (CaF2) crystals?
A)Long-range electrostatic repulsion of ions✓
B)Enhanced electron delocalization across lattice
C)Increased phonon scattering within the lattice
D)Reduced covalency between neighboring atoms
💡 Explanation
The repulsive force reduces plasticity because ionic bonding's **electrostatic repulsion** resists shear deformation; therefore, cleavage fracturing is likely, rather than other ductile processes which rely on dislocations, thus promoting brittleness.
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