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Geography

Which effect contributes to deepwater formation near Antarctica?

A)Brine exclusion increases water density
B)Rapid evaporation decreases salinity locally
C)Algal blooms absorb surface nutrients
D)Submarine volcanic activity warms water

💡 Explanation

When sea ice forms, salt is excluded; this brine rejection greatly increases the surrounding water's density, initiating thermohaline circulation. Brine exclusion drives density, because density increases rather than decreased salinity from evaporation or different thermal effects.

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