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Which limitation arises when using isotopic dilution methods for quantifying pollutant concentrations?

A)Matrix effects alter detector response
B)Isotope fractionation reduces accuracy
C)Equilibrium is never fully reached
D)Radioactive decay biases measurements

💡 Explanation

Isotope fractionation can alter the ratio of isotopes, leading to inaccurate concentration measurements via the kinetic isotope effect. Therefore, the method's precise ratios are affected, rather than matrix effects, equilibrium failures, or radioactive decay being primary constraints.

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