Which mechanism causes degeneracy of electron orbitals to be lifted in transition metal complexes?

💡 Explanation

When a transition metal complex forms, ligand field splitting occurs because electrostatic interactions between the metal's d-orbitals and the ligands perturb the orbitals, creating energy differences. Therefore degeneracy is lifted, rather than quantum entanglement, relativistic effects, or nuclear coupling, which constitute different atomic phenomena.

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