Which mechanism causes enhanced coastal upwelling during eastern boundary current shoaling?

💡 Explanation

When eastern boundary currents shoal near the coast, wind-driven Ekman transport divergence occurs due to increased friction and Coriolis force changes. This divergence causes water to move offshore, resulting in coastal upwelling as deep water replaces surface water. Therefore enhanced upwelling results, rather than evaporation, thermohaline mixing, or groundwater effects which require different processes.

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