Which mechanism causes signal distortion when electromagnetic waves propagate through non-homogeneous dielectric material?

💡 Explanation

When EM waves move through a non-homogeneous dielectric material, scattering occurs because permittivity variations cause refractive index fluctuations, thus wavelets interfere constructively and destructively in different directions deviating propagation and distorting signal. Therefore scattering from permittivity variations results, rather than absorption, refraction, or diffraction which arise via different interactions.

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