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Which mechanism increases drag on high-speed train cars?

A)Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation
B)Boundary layer laminar separation
C)Adverse pressure gradient increase
D)Transient boundary layer transition

💡 Explanation

Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation increases drag because the mechanism converts ordered kinetic energy into disordered thermal energy within turbulent eddies. Therefore, drag is increased, rather than reduced skin friction, because of intensified momentum exchange.

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