Which mechanism lowers activation energy during heterogeneous catalysis using transition metal nanoparticles?

💡 Explanation

When reactants adsorb onto nanoparticle surfaces, surface d-orbitals interact with reactant molecular orbitals, destabilizing reactant bonds and lowering the activation energy, according to the Sabatier principle. Therefore, d-orbital interaction destabilization results, rather than heating, entanglement, or attraction, all of which operate through different mechanisms.

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