Which mechanism most directly produces an isolated sea stack following coastal erosion?

💡 Explanation

Differential wave refraction focuses wave energy unevenly, eroding weaker rock and leaving resistant stacks; wave refraction erodes headlands forming arches, which collapse, creating stacks because refraction concentrates wave energy on the sides; therefore, wave refraction, rather than isostatic rebound creates localized stack features.

• Which long-term effect results from sustained groundwater pumping near a coastal limestone cave system?
• Which outcome occurs when intensive agriculture reduces bioturbation?
• Which mechanism causes the orographic lifting when prevailing winds encounter the Himalayas?
• Which outcome occurs when excessive airborne tephra blankets Arctic ice?
• Which effect primarily drives airflow deflection in upper-level jet streams within Hadley cells?
• Which consequence results when acid rain accelerates dissolution in karst regions?