Which optical effect arises when an astronomer observes stars through a medieval astrolabe with flawed lenses?

💡 Explanation

When observing through flawed lenses, spherical aberration occurs because different parts of the lens focus light imperfectly, blurring the image. Therefore spherical aberration results, rather than chromatic aberration (requiring wavelength-dependent refraction), diffraction (related to wave interference), or polarization (dependent on light's electric field orientation).

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