Which outcome arose when glassmakers deviated from precise silica/soda ratios during medieval lens crafting?

💡 Explanation

Higher silica ratios increase viscosity during cooling, therefore DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL SHRINKAGE resulted in internal stress concentration, because regions cool unevenly, rather than a homogenous contraction. Lower soda ratios would instead change the refractive index.

• Which catastrophic outcome manifested in early Ming dynasty gunpowder weaponry when exceeding the designed propellant load?
• Which risk sharply increased during the Song Dynasty with widespread cast iron production used in long-span bridge construction?
• Which risk increases if a Roman aqueduct's settling tank's capacity is overwhelmed during intense rainfall?
• Which risk increased when early Bronze Age smiths reworked solidified bronze castings?
• Which outcome is accelerated when Inca terracing is overburdened?
• In a chinampa system experiencing prolonged drought, which consequence results from the disruption of nutrient cycles?