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Which outcome impairs a microfluidic pipette's function when exceeding flow thresholds?

A)Increased measurement data acquisition latency
B)Destabilization of the laminar fluid regimes
C)Substantial Joule-heating from electrical resistance
D)Erosion of the sealing micro-gasket material

💡 Explanation

Exceeding flow thresholds induces turbulence because the Reynolds stresses overcome viscous forces; streamlines mix rather than staying smooth. Bernoulli's principle no longer precisely predicts pressure drop; therefore, controlled fluid aspiration fails rather than a different electrical or thermal effect.

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