Which outcome occurs when a chain of volcanic islands interrupts deep ocean currents?

💡 Explanation

Upwelling results when a volcanic island chain deflects deep currents, forcing water upwards due to bathymetric steering; this transports nutrients. Therefore, (A) is correct, rather than causing landslides or decreasing coastal erosion, because those relate to slope instability and coastal processes respectively, not deep ocean current dynamics.

• Which consequence results when mountain streams erode floodplains?
• Which mechanism amplifies ground motion during an earthquake as seismic waves reach a sedimentary basin?
• Which outcome results when subsurface salt dissolves adjacent to faults?
• Which effect influences deep ocean currents due to density differences from brine rejection during sea ice formation?
• Which secondary effect is likely when liquefaction occurs due to earthquake shaking in regions with levees?
• Which effect exacerbates coastal erosion during spring tides?