Which outcome occurs when exhaust back-pressure increases in automotive Otto cycle engines?

💡 Explanation

Increased back-pressure during exhaust reduces the engine's ability to expel waste gases due to *increased exhaust gas recirculation*. This decreases pumping efficiency because more work is required to expel exhaust, therefore power output reduces, rather than alternative combustion improvements which require higher pressure.

• Which outcome occurs while injecting dopants into silicon in semiconductor fabrication?
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