Which outcome occurs when grain boundaries severely disrupt a crystal lattice?

💡 Explanation

Reduced conductivity occurs because electron scattering increases due to disruptions of the crystalline lattice periodicity by grain boundaries which impede electron (and phonon) transport via increased phonon scattering, therefore, conductivity decreases, rather than properties improving, as grain boundaries act as defects.

• Which outcome reduces reactor throughput during exothermic production?
• Which risk increases when attempting elevated space-velocity in packed catalysts?
• Which outcome results when a very heavy unstable nucleus undergoes beta-minus decay?
• Which risk increases when internal cooling in a chemical reactor vessel lags optimal conditions while an exothermic reaction proceeds?
• Which mechanism dictates increased gravitational redshift when light transverses curved spacetime?
• Which outcome occurs in a refrigeration cycle when airflow across the condenser coils is obstructed?