Which outcome occurs when permafrost thaws beneath a sloped glacial moraine?

💡 Explanation

When permafrost thaws, ground ice melts, decreasing soil shear strength because liquid water increases pore pressure, triggering solifluction: downslope flowage of water-saturated soil. Therefore increased solifluction-driven sediment flow rates result, rather than esker or varve formation, or kettle hole creation that involve distinct mechanisms.

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