Which outcome results when a fish's gill filaments collapse, disrupting countercurrent exchange?

💡 Explanation

When filaments collapse, the countercurrent oxygen exchange mechanism is disrupted, preventing efficient oxygen extraction since the ventilation gradient is lost. Therefore reduced oxygen uptake occurs, rather than increased CO2 excretion, inhibited waste removal, or increased salt absorption, all requiring different processes.

• Which consequence results when an arctic fox cannot elevate metabolic rate sufficiently during extreme cold?
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