Which outcome results when freeze-thaw weathering concentrates in mountain basins?

💡 Explanation

Glacial cirque formation occurs because the mechanism of nivation involves repeated freeze-thaw cycles which erode and sculpt the rock basin. This forms a characteristic amphitheater-like depression, therefore driving headward erosion, rather than sedimentation because mass wasting exceeds deposition under glacial ice cover.

• Which outcome reduces nutrient availability during later-stage pedogenesis?
• Which effect accelerates longshore drift when approaching headlands?
• Which risk increases when saturated soil undergoes thaw cycles on a moderate slope in periglacial tundra?
• Which consequence results when ice sheet albedo decreases significantly?
• Which mechanism causes liquefaction during seismic shaking in saturated granular soils?
• Which outcome occurs when invasive earthworms alter forested soil?