Which outcome typically occurs when a PID controller's integral gain is excessively high in a robotic arm?

💡 Explanation

When the integral gain is excessively high, the control system overcompensates for even small errors because the integral term accumulates corrections too quickly, leading to overshoot and oscillation around the desired setpoint. Therefore, oscillation results, rather than slow response or inability to reach the setpoint, which are caused by insufficient gain.

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