Which phenomenon causes latent heat transfer during ice melting at 0°C under constant pressure?

💡 Explanation

When ice melts, heat energy is absorbed, breaking intermolecular hydrogen bonds between water molecules, allowing transition from solid to liquid while temperature nearly stays constant. Therefore, breaking hydrogen bonds accounts for latent heat, rather than vibrational/kinetic energy increases whose effect primarily drives changes of temperatures without the phase changing.

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• Which outcome will occur when exceeding mass flow limits in a gas turbine?
• Which risk increases approaching a centrifugal pump's surge limit?
• Which outcome occurs when thermal runaway accelerates in lithium-ion battery packs?
• Which risk is increased if a municipal water pipe's Reynolds number exceeds 4000?
• Which outcome occurs when a submarine's very low frequency (VLF) antenna attempts underwater radio propagation?