Which phenomenon causes radio wave propagation beyond line-of-sight distances in Earth's atmosphere?

💡 Explanation

When radio waves encounter changes in atmospheric density, tropospheric scattering occurs because air masses with different refractive indices create scatter points reflecting the signal, leading to propagation beyond the horizon. Therefore tropospheric scattering results, rather than ionospheric absorption, ground wave attenuation, or path loss, which all limit propagation range.

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