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Which risk increases in a semiconductor laser when pumping current exceeds threshold?

A)Multimode operation dominates gain.
B)Spontaneous emission cools junction heavily.
C)Fermi level locks and lasing stops.
D)Gain bleaching reverses population inversion.

💡 Explanation

Exceeding the threshold causes multiple longitudinal modes to oscillate, because spatial hole burning depletes population inversion nonuniformly. Therefore, multimode operation increases, rather than single-mode as intended for stable, narrow-linewidth lasing; the primary cause is spatial hole burning.

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