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Which risk increases in cryogenic liquid transfer when using a manual throttling valve for flow control.?

A)Valve stem icing from Joule-Thomson effect
B)Material embrittlement from thermal shock
C)Pressure surge from rapid valve closure
D)Seal failure from differential contraction

💡 Explanation

When a cryogenic liquid encounters drastic pressure drops through a throttling valve, the Joule-Thomson effect causes significant cooling that lowers the valve stem temperature below the freezing point of atmospheric moisture, leading to icing. Therefore valve stem icing is increased rather than other outcomes, which require different conditions or mechanisms.

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