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Which risk increases significantly when mapping electron orbitals within heavy atoms?

A)Computationally intensive self-consistent field (SCF)
B)Experimental uncertainty of spectral line broadening
C)Relativistic effects distort wavefunctions
D)Incomplete basis set converging poorly

💡 Explanation

Relativistic effects become prominent in heavy atoms, because they increase the electron speeds near the nucleus, therefore shrinking and distorting the wavefunctions, rather than spectroscopic uncertainty dominating due to broadened spectral lines.

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