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← HistoryWhich risk increases to Inca retaining walls in the Andes when poor mortar is used?
A)Creep due to sustained loading
B)Spalling due to freeze-thaw cycles✓
C)Abrasion due to wind erosion
D)Buckling due to inadequate buttressing
💡 Explanation
Water infiltration then freezing expands in voids, driving spalling, because poor mortar leads to cracks, generating freeze-thaw process accelerating material degradation; therefore, spalling increases rapidly, and is much more common than creep with stone rather than erosion.
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