Which risk increases when a germanium transistor is miniaturized to nanometer scale?

💡 Explanation

Quantum tunneling becomes significant as the barrier width decreases; orbitals overlap despite separation because quantum tunneling probability increases with decreased width. Therefore, electron leakage rises, rather than being contained, causing operational issues and increased current leakage.

• Which risk increases when a high-power laser's beam delivery fiber optic core diameter narrows?
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• Which outcome occurs when volatile liquid refrigerant leaks into a mechanical refrigeration system vacuum pump?
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• Which consequence results when applying an external electric field to a molecule with hybridized orbitals?
• Which outcome results when exceeding the Curie temperature in Permalloy?