Which risk increases when early steam engine boilers, operating near material limits, experience scale buildup?

💡 Explanation

When scale builds up, localized overheating occurs because the scale acts as an insulator, reducing heat transfer from the metal to the water, causing the metal to overheat and weaken, leading to creep rupture. Therefore, creep rupture results, rather than efficiency loss, corrosion, or water hammer, which require different mechanisms.

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• Which constraint limited the accuracy of Ibn al-Haytham's early pinhole cameras (camera obscura) used for solar observation?
• Which outcome resulted from terraces on steep Andean slopes deflecting airflow?