Which risk increases when guard cells malfunction, chronically holding stomata open?

💡 Explanation

When stomata remain open, excessive transpiration occurs because there is uncontrolled water loss, exceeding the root's capacity, creating tension that pulls air into the xylem vessels, causing an embolism. Therefore, xylem embolism increases, rather than photoinhibition, reduced ATP production or decreased nutrient uptake, which results from other limitations.

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