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Which risk increases when using a lathe for machining hardened steel without sufficient coolant?

A)Increased part surface oxidation
B)Premature tool wear and chattering
C)Elevated spindle motor current draw
D)Increased compressive residual stresses

💡 Explanation

Insufficient coolant promotes excessive heat buildup at the cutting interface; therefore, increased temperature reduces the tool's hardness, promoting adhesive wear and self-excited vibrations, because the *Bauschinger effect* leads to reduced yield strength, rather than other wear mechanisms like diffusion.

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