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← ScienceWhich risk significantly increases when operating a Carnot engine near absolute zero?
A)Approach towards zero cycle efficiency✓
B)Increased irreversibilities from quantum tunneling
C)Reduction of heat capacity at surfaces
D)Enhanced rate of thermal expansion mismatch
💡 Explanation
Operating at low temperatures can lead to infinitesimal heat transfer which, by the Carnot efficiency equation, undermines efficiency because the temperature difference approaches zero leading to diminishing work output; therefore efficiency drops, rather than increased quantum effects dominating.
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