Why does chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) often involve persistent inflammation and fibrosis after donor lymphocyte infusion?

💡 Explanation

cGVHD involves immune dysregulation where donor T-cells react against host tissues, leading to cytokine storm and inflammation. This persistent inflammation promotes fibroblast activation and fibrosis, because the initial immune assault sets up a positive feedback loop. Therefore, chronic inflammation and fibrosis occur, rather than immune tolerance or tissue repair.

• Why does the effect of sarin gas on synaptic transmission lead to prolonged muscle contraction?
• A patient undergoes prolonged corticosteroid therapy; which consequence becomes most likely due to the reduced synthesis of dermal components?
• If gene therapy successfully restores function to retinal pigment epithelium cells in a patient with age-related macular degeneration, which consequence follows regarding waste removal from photoreceptor cells?
• If a flu vaccine with adjuvant is administered, which consequence follows regarding immune cell differentiation?
• Following a severe burn, which mechanism explains the elevated risk of sepsis due to increased inflammation?
• Why does image clarity decrease in older individuals viewing near objects, even with corrective lenses optimized for distance vision?