Why does persistent hyperglycemia increase sarcopenia risk due to oxidative stress?

💡 Explanation

Persistent hyperglycemia enhances sarcopenia risk because increased glucose metabolism results in greater oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Elevated ROS activates FOXO3, promoting muscle protein breakdown (proteolysis) rather than protein synthesis; therefore, hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress accelerates sarcopenia.

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