Which defect is enabled within cast iron due to rapid cooling?

💡 Explanation

Rapid cooling during cast iron solidification promotes cementite formation through the mechanism of phase transformation, because the carbon atoms don't have enough time to diffuse and form graphite flakes. Therefore white iron results, rather than the softer gray iron with graphite.

• Which consequence results when concentrated loads exceed the shear capacity in reinforced concrete columns lacking adequate stirrups?
• Which risk increases when submersible distribution transformers experience prolonged overload?
• Which problem can arise from rapid, repeated hydraulic actuator cycling powered by an accumulator?
• Which outcome occurs when reactive power surges in a three-phase power transformer circuit beyond its compensation capabilities?
• Which risk increases when ambient temperature affects MOSFET threshold voltage?
• Which outcome occurs when a PID controller in an industrial robotic arm exhibits integral windup under prolonged saturation?