Which mechanism causes building foundation liquefaction during seismic activity in coastal areas?

💡 Explanation

During seismic activity, increased pore water pressure between soil particles occurs because the shaking compacts the soil, transferring stress to the fluid, greatly reducing friction at grain interfaces, causing the soil to behave like a liquid. Therefore pore water pressure increase reduces effective stress, rather than consolidation, uplift, or fracturing which require slower, geological processes.

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