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Which mechanism causes persistent current flow in superconducting rings?

A)Dissipation via Cooper pair tunneling
B)Flux quantization within the ring
C)Thermally induced resistance fluctuations
D)Material imperfections scattering electrons

💡 Explanation

Flux quantization establishes stable quantum states within the ring because the magnetic flux is integer multiples of flux quanta; therefore current persist indefinitely, supported by stable Cooper pairs carrying charge, rather than dissipating through scattering or tunneling.

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