Which risk increases along shorelines experiencing thermokarst activity?

💡 Explanation

Increased coastal erosion occurs because thawing permafrost weakens the soil structure; the *water flow* from thawing degrades the once frozen sediment, therefore the shoreline recedes faster, rather than experiencing positive effects of sediment consolidation.

• Which outcome accelerates isolated sea stack erosion when wave diffraction occurs?
• Which outcome is accelerated on slopes with high permafrost content when experiencing thawing?
• Which climate outcome is intensified on western continental streams following mountain rain shadow formation?
• Which risk increases when a rhyolitic lava dome exhibits block faulting?
• Which outcome occurs when intense wave action redirects longshore drift?
• Which consequence results when nearshore upwelling declines due to El Niño?