Why does a patient with chronic insulin resistance require increasingly higher insulin doses to manage their type 2 diabetes?

💡 Explanation

Chronic insulin resistance impairs the normal insulin-mediated GLUT4 translocation to the cell membrane in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, therefore, glucose uptake is reduced, because cells become less responsive even with increased insulin. The other options are not the primary mechanisms of resistance, rather than compensatory or downstream effects.

• Which mechanism explains why lower limb edema develops in patients with lymphatic filariasis?
• A patient presents with an ischemic stroke, eligible for thrombolysis with tPA. Which outcome would indicate successful reperfusion, despite the potential for a hemorrhagic conversion?
• If a person with a severe peanut allergy accidentally consumes peanuts, which consequence explains widespread vasodilation during anaphylaxis?
• If neurons accumulate abnormal protein aggregates like amyloid plaques, which consequence relating to proteasomal degradation becomes significant?
• Why does prolonged muscle immobilization lead to decreased force generation during subsequent contractions?
• If a sperm successfully fertilizes an oocyte, but the resulting zygote's chromosomes fail to properly segregate during the first mitotic division, which consequence follows?