Which mechanism causes decreased catalytic activity when transition metal complex d-orbitals are heavily shielded?

💡 Explanation

When transition metal d-orbitals are shielded, ligands interact less strongly because the effective nuclear charge is reduced, thus weakening orbital overlap, leading to reduced ligand exchange rates. Therefore reduced ligand exchange results, rather than steric hindrance, instability, or enhanced bonding, which involve different electronic factors.

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